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Anthony Downs
Anthony Downs (; born November 21, 1930) is an American economist specializing in public policy and public administration. He has been a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C., since 1977.
Before 1977, Downs served for 18 years a member and then Chairman of Real Estate Research Corporation, a nationwide consultancy advising private and public decision-makers on real estate investment, housing policies, and urban affairs. He also served as a Senior Analyst at the RAND Corporation and a professor at the University of Chicago.
== Education ==
Downs received a B.A. in international relations and political theory from Carleton College in 1952,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=657143&privcapId=3777895&previousCapId=398549&previousTitle=VENTAS%20INC )〕 and an M.A. and Ph.D. in economics from Stanford University in 1956.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.brookings.edu/experts/downsa )〕
In ''An Economic Theory of Democracy'' (1957), an early work in rational choice theory, Downs posited the paradox of voting, which claimed that significant elements of political life could be explained in terms of voter self-interest. Downs showed that in democracies the aggregate distribution of political opinion forms a bell-shaped curve, with most voters possessing moderate opinions; he argued that this fact forces political parties in democracies to adopt centrist positions.
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